Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.190124
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Case Report

Inversão total do fluxo em artéria carótida interna direita em paciente com estenose grave do tronco braquiocefálico

Total reversal of internal carotid blood flow in a patient with severe stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk

Carlos Eduardo Del Valle; Luiz Fernando Tosi Ferreira; Pedro Henrique Bragato; Sara Lucy de Oliveira; Fernanda de Oliveira Mauro; Walter Junior Boim de Araújo

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Resumo

RESUMO: As estenoses graves e oclusões do tronco braquiocefálico (artéria inominada) são raras, e apresentam uma grande variedade de manifestações clínicas, com alterações relacionadas a isquemia cerebral hemisférica, vertebrobasilar e de membro superior direito. A causa mais comum é a aterosclerose. A ultrassonografia vascular com Doppler pode revelar inversão de fluxo na artéria vertebral direita, hipofluxo na subclávia, e vários tipos de alterações no fluxo da carótida direita, incluindo hipofluxo, inversão parcial do fluxo durante o ciclo cardíaco, e até mesmo inversão completa do fluxo na carótida interna, achado este bastante raro. Os autores descrevem o caso de paciente do sexo feminino, tabagista, com estenose grave do tronco braquiocefálico e crises de lipotimia. Além do roubo de artéria subclávia e do fluxo parcialmente invertido na carótida comum direita, a paciente apresentava exuberante fluxo invertido na carótida interna durante todo o ciclo cardíaco, achado este não encontrado na literatura em tamanha magnitude.

Palavras-chave

tronco braquiocefálico, ultrassonografia Doppler, isquemia encefálica

Abstract

Occlusions and severe stenoses of the innominate artery (brachiocephalic trunk) are rare and present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, with hemispheric, vertebrobasilar and right upper limb ischemic symptoms. The most common cause is atherosclerosis. Duplex scanning may show right vertebral artery flow reversal, diminished subclavian flow, and several patterns of right carotid flow disturbance, including slow flow, partial flow reversal during the cardiac cycle and even complete reversal of flow in the internal carotid artery, which is a very uncommon finding. Herein, the authors describe the case of a female patient who was a heavy smoker, had severe stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk, and had episodes of collapse. Besides the subclavian steal and partial flow reversal in the common carotid artery, duplex scanning also showed high-velocity reversed flow in the internal carotid artery during the entire cardiac cycle, a finding that is not reported in the literature at this magnitude.

Keywords

brachiocephalic trunk; ultrasonography, Doppler, duplex; brain ischemia.

References

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