Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.200036
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Case Report

Massive thrombosis and phlegmasia cerulea dolens while taking rivaroxaban: case report and review

Trombose maciça e flegmasia cerúlea dolens durante o uso de rivaroxabana: relato de caso e revisão

Diego Chemello; Larissa Rosa; Amanda Faria de Araujo; Pedro Cargnelutti de Araujo; Luiz Carlos Carneiro Pereira; Suélen Feijó Hillesheim; Marco Aurélio Lumertz Saffi

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Abstract

Abstract: Our study describes a fatal case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens and massive venous thrombosis in a patient taking rivaroxaban regularly to treat cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Blood tests samples were positive for lupus anticoagulant. The unique evolution of the case, as well as the positivity for lupus anticoagulant, raises the possibility of an acquired hypercoagulation syndrome. We highlight the fact that the test recommended as the first line for lupus anticoagulant diagnosis (dilute Russell viper venom time) is the most affected by rivaroxaban, leading to a high prevalence of false-positive results. We also discuss potential diagnoses for the current case and review the current state-of-the-art of use of the novel oral anticoagulation agents in this unusual situation. So far, there are no recommendations to use such agents as first options in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or in hypercoagulation syndromes.

Keywords

anticoagulants, venous thrombosis, sinus thrombosis, intracranial

Resumo

Resumo: Nosso estudo descreve um caso fatal de flegmasia cerúlea dolens e trombose venosa maciça em um paciente usando regularmente rivaroxabana para o tratamento de trombose de seio venoso cerebral. A investigação laboratorial foi positiva para o anticoagulante lúpico. A evolução única do caso aumenta a possibilidade de uma síndrome de hipercoagulabilidade adquirida, bem como a positividade para o anticoagulante lúpico. Destacamos o fato de que o teste recomendado como primeira linha para o diagnóstico de anticoagulante lúpico (veneno de víbora de Russel diluído) é o mais afetado pela rivaroxabana, levando a uma alta prevalência de resultados falso-positivos. Também discutimos os potenciais diagnósticos para o presente caso e revisamos o estado da arte atual dos novos agentes de anticoagulação oral usados nessa situação incomum. Até o presente momento, não há recomendações para o uso de tais agentes como primeira opção na trombose de seios venosos cerebrais ou nas síndromes de hipercoagulação.
 

Palavras-chave

anticoagulantes, trombose venosa, trombose dos seios intracranianos

References

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Submitted date:
04/03/2020

Accepted date:
06/18/2020

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