Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.202401822
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Artigo Original

Animal model of a bovine pericardial patch for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms: step by step

Modelo animal de aneurisma da aorta toracoabdominal com uso de remendo de pericárdio bovino: passo a passo

Allana Maryel Tobita; Bruno Jeronimo Ponte; Maria Fernanda Cassino Portugal; Anna Paula Weinhardt Baptista; Igor Rafael Sincos; Nelson Wolosker

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Abstract

Abstract: Background: The treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAA) has advanced. Understanding the pathophysiology and surgical approaches to this disease is essential for best therapeutic performance.

Objectives: We aimed to improve previously described methods for creating thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms in a porcine animal model, reducing surgical procedure time and specimen mortality.

Methods: A total of 18 swine underwent a surgical procedure to create a TAA. An autologous peritoneal patch was used to create the aneurysm in 2 animals, and a bovine pericardial patch was used in the other 16. The animals were followed up postoperatively, and the aneurysm sac was reexamined after 4 weeks. The animals that did not die in the post-operative period were euthanized according to institutional recommendations.

Results: All of the animals underwent laparotomy with retroperitoneal access. Two received an autologous peritoneal patch and 16 received a bovine pericardial patch. Three animals underwent single suprarenal clamping, while 15 underwent sequential clamping. There were no differences in operative time (p=0.207) or total clamping time (p=0.276) between groups. There was a higher mortality rate after 4 weeks in animals that received single clamping (100%) than sequential clamping (26.7%) (p=0.0017).

Conclusions: The experimental model of TAA using a bovine pericardial patch and a sequential clamping technique provided a stable and reliable platform that remains stable and patent for up to 4 weeks. This model can be extremely valuable for assessing new endovascular therapy options in living organisms.

Keywords

thoracoabdominal, aortic aneurysm, animal model

Resumo

Resumo: Contexto: O tratamento dos aneurismas da aorta toracoabdominal (ATA) tem avançado. A compreensão da fisiopatologia e das abordagens cirúrgicas dessa doença é essencial para o melhor desempenho terapêutico.

Objetivos: Descrever e otimizar os métodos previamente estabelecidos para a confecção de ATA em modelos animais suínos, objetivando reduzir o tempo do procedimento cirúrgico e a mortalidade das amostras.

Métodos: Dezoito suínos foram submetidos a procedimento cirúrgico para confecção de ATA. O aneurisma foi confeccionado utilizando retalho de peritônio autólogo em dois animais e retalho de pericárdio bovino em 16. Os animais foram monitorados no pós-operatório e reabordados após 4 semanas para análise do saco aneurismático. Os modelos que sobreviveram ao pós-operatório foram submetidos à eutanásia, conforme as recomendações institucionais.

Resultados: Todos os animais foram submetidos à laparotomia com acesso retroperitoneal. Dois receberam patch de peritônio autólogo, enquanto 16 patch de pericárdio bovino. Três modelos foram submetidos a clampeamento suprarrenal único, enquanto 15 passaram por clampeamento sequencial em duas etapas. Não houve diferenças significativas no tempo cirúrgico (p = 0,207) ou no tempo total de clampeamento (p = 0,276) entre os grupos. Observou-se maior mortalidade após 4 semanas nos modelos submetidos a pinçamento único (100%) em relação com o pinçamento sequencial (26,7%) (p = 0,0017).

Conclusões: O modelo experimental de ATA com pericárdio bovino, utilizando a técnica de clampeamento sequencial, demonstrou ser estável e confiável, com anatomia e patência consistentes até 4 semanas. Este modelo pode ser valioso para novas opções terapêuticas endovasculares em organismos vivos.
 

Palavras-chave

toracoabdominal, aneurisma aórtico, modelo animal

Referências

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Submetido em:
04/01/2025

Aceito em:
19/03/2025

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