Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.210142
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Safety of the effective radiation dose received during stroke hospitalization

Segurança da dose de radiação efetiva recebida durante internação por acidente vascular cerebral

Gregório Platero Canton; Gustavo José Luvizutto; Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho; Marcos Ferreira Minicucci; Gabriel Pinheiro Modolo; André Petean Trindade; Rodrigo Bazan; Juli Thomaz de Souza

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.210142 J Vasc Bras, vol.20, e20210142, 2021
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Abstract

Abstract: Background: Neuroimaging is widely used for diagnosis and treatment of stroke. However, little is known about whether the radiation doses received by patients comply with international safety guidelines.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effective radiation dose received while in hospital for stroke and analyze its safety according to current guidelines.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 109 patients who were hospitalized and diagnosed with ischemic stroke. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was used to evaluate stroke severity, the Bamford clinical classification was used for topography, and the TOAST classification was used for etiology. The computed tomography dose index and size-specific dose estimates were used to calculate the effective radiation dose (ERD) received while in hospital. A Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the ERD received by thrombolysed and non-thrombolysed patients. Non-parametric statistics were used to analyze the data with a 95% confidence interval.

Results: During the study period, the median ERD received was 10.9 mSv. Length of stay was not associated with radiation exposure. No differences were demonstrated in ERD according to stroke etiology or Bamford clinical classification. Patients who had CT perfusion (only or in addition to CT or angiotomography) received the highest ERD (46.5 mSv) and the difference compared to those who did not (10.8 mSv) was statistically significant (p<0.001). No differences were found in the ERD between thrombolysed and non-thrombolysed patients. There was no correlation between ERD while in hospital and stroke severity.

Conclusions: According to the current national guidelines, the protocol for examining images at our stroke unit is safe in terms of the ERD received by the patient while in hospital. There was no difference in the ERD received by patients stratified by thrombolytic treatment or stroke severity.

Keywords

stroke, radioprotection, radiation, CT scan

Resumo

Resumo: Contexto: A neuroimagem é amplamente utilizada para o diagnóstico e tratamento do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). No entanto, pouco se sabe se a dose de radiação recebida nesses exames está de acordo com as diretrizes internacionais de segurança.

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dose de radiação efetiva (DRE) durante a hospitalização por AVC.

Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com 109 pacientes hospitalizados com diagnóstico de AVC isquêmico. A gravidade do AVC foi avaliada pela National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, a topografia pela classificação clínica de Bamford e a etiologia pelo Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST). O índice de dose recebida no exame de tomografia computadorizada (TC) e as estimativas de dose específicas foram usados ​​para calcular a DRE recebida durante a hospitalização. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para comparar a DRE recebida por pacientes trombolisados ​​e não trombolisados. Estatísticas não paramétricas foram utilizadas para analisar os dados.

Resultados: Durante o período do estudo, a DRE foi de 10,9 mSv. O tempo de internação não foi associado à exposição à radiação. Nenhuma diferença foi demonstrada na DRE de acordo com a etiologia e classificação clínica de Bamford. Os pacientes que fizeram perfusão (isolada, associada à TC ou angiotomografia) receberam a maior DRE (46,5 mSv) em comparação aos que não fizeram (10,8 mSv), sendo estatisticamente significativo (p <0,001). Não foram encontradas diferenças na DRE entre pacientes trombolisados e não trombolisados. Não houve correlação entre a DRE durante a hospitalização com a gravidade do AVC.

Conclusões: De acordo com as atuais diretrizes nacionais, o protocolo de exame de imagens na unidade de AVC é seguro em relação à DRE recebido pelo paciente durante a internação. Não houve diferença na DRE dos pacientes de acordo com o tratamento trombolítico e a gravidade do AVC.
 

Palavras-chave

acidente vascular cerebral, radioproteção, tomografia computadorizada

References

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