Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492009000200012
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Review Article

A influência dos ácidos graxos trans na disfunção da célula endotelial e o possível efeito terapêutico do exercício sobre o tecido endotelial como forma de prevenção ou regressão da aterosclerose

Laureane Nunes Masi; Érica Paula Portioli Silva

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Resumo

O endotélio atua ativamente na regulação do tônus vascular, sintetizando e liberando substâncias vasoativas. A inflamação e os fatores de risco cardiovasculares alteram a homeostase vascular, levando à disfunção endotelial e possível formação de placas de ateroma. O aumento das concentrações plasmáticas de ácidos graxos livres pode causar lipotoxicidade vascular, disfunção do endotélio e, finalmente, aterosclerose. Dieta rica em lipídeos contendo ácidos graxos trans tem correlação positiva com a progressão de doenças cardiovasculares. Mudanças no estilo de vida, na adoção de dieta balanceada e atividade física são estratégias para a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares e a reabilitação de pacientes. Nesta revisão, discutimos a influência benéfica do exercício físico em aspectos importantes da disfunção endotelial causados pelos ácidos graxos trans, incluindo evidências recentes e/ou ainda não exploradas. Discutimos também quais seriam os mecanismos envolvidos no comprometimento funcional da célula endotelial frente ao aumento de ácidos graxos trans na circulação.

Palavras-chave

Ácido graxo trans, endotélio vascular, exercício físico

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