Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492010005000005
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Case Report

Uso do azul de metileno na reversão de vasoplegia refratária ao uso de catecolaminas após bypass aortobifemoral

Use of methylene blue in the reversal of vasoplegia refractory to the use of catecholamines after aortobifemoral bypass

Mariana Raphaela Garcia de Araújo dos Santos; Luis Gustavo Campos da Silva; Paulo Roberto Barbosa Evora; Carlos Eli Piccinato; Edwaldo Edner Joviliano

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1677-54492010005000005 J Vasc Bras, vol.9, n1, p.74-77, 2010
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Resumo

Há evidências de que o óxido nítrico (NO) tem importância na vasodilatação associada a reações vasoplégicas. O objetivo deste relato de caso é documentar um caso de vasoplegia refratária ao uso de catecolaminas após bypass aortobifemoral revertida com o uso de azul de metileno. Mulher, 50 anos, submetida a bypass aortobifemoral. Sem comorbidades. Saiu de sala cirúrgica extubada, estável e com pulsos distais presentes. Duas horas após a cirurgia, evoluiu com choque circulatório. Iniciada noradrenalina e investigadas causas de choque. Manteve-se com necessidades crescentes de aminas e parâmetros estáveis. No sexto dia pós-operatório, com a hipótese de vasoplegia refratária, optou-se pelo uso do azul. Resposta imediata, com queda nos níveis de aminas, sendo desligada a noradrenalina no dia seguinte. O azul de metileno inibe a guanilato ciclase, produtora de guanosina monofosfato cíclico. Especula-se que haja um sinergismo entre essas drogas, já que a sua associação permite a atuação do sistema adenosina monofosfato.

Palavras-chave

Azul de metileno, vasoplegia, bypass aortobifemoral, óxido nítrico

Abstract

There is evidence that the nitric oxide plays an important role in the vasodilation associated with vasoplegic reactions. The objective of this case report is to document a case of catecholamine-refractory shock after aortobifemoral bypass treated with methylene blue. A 50-year-old woman was admitted for aortobifemoral bypass graft surgery. She did not present with any comorbidities. At the end of the surgery, she was breathing spontaneously, with palpable pedal pulses. Two hours later, the patient presented shock. Noradrenaline infusion was initiated and the causes of shock were investigated. She required increasing doses of amines and her parameters were stable. On the sixth day after surgery, methylene blue was administered due to the hypothesis of refractory vasoplegia. There was immediate response, with decrease in the catecholamine infusion levels until its withdrawal on the next day. Methylene blue inhibits the enzyme guanylate cyclase that produces GMPc. There might be a synergism between these two drugs, since their association allows the action of the AMPc system.

Keywords

Methylene blue, vasoplegia, aortobifemoral bypass, nitric oxide

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