Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/S1677-54492011000300004
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Original Article

Crioplastia para tratamento da doença arterial fêmoro-poplítea

Cryoplasty for the treatment of femoropopliteal arterial disease

Marco Antonio Lourenço; Gustavo Ioshio Handa

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1677-54492011000300004 J Vasc Bras, vol.10, n3, p.205-210, 2011
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Resumo

CONTEXTO: O tratamento endovascular da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica apresenta baixa morbidade e mortalidade, no entanto, a perviedade dos stents a médio e longo prazo ainda é controversa. A crioplastia foi desenvolvida para reduzir os grandes desafios da angioplastia: dissecção, retração e reestenose. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados clínicos e a perviedade a médio prazo em pacientes submetidos à técnica de crioplastia da doença arterial do território femoro-poplíteo. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com indicação de revascularização de membro inferior por técnica endovascular do território femoro-poplíteo, segundo as classificações clínicas de Fontaine e Rutherford e classificações anatômicas do TASC II, foram submetidos à crioplastia com cateter balão PolarCath®. No seguimento, foram avaliadas as manifestações clínicas e perviedade anatômica pelo duplex scan. RESULTADOS: Dez pacientes foram submetidos à angioplastia do território femoro-poplíteo utilizando a técnica de crioplastia. Nove pacientes apresentavam quadro clínico de claudicação limitante do membro inferior e um paciente apresentava úlcera isquêmica, três pacientes apresentavam lesão classe B pelo TASC II e sete pacientes, classe A. Sucesso técnico angiográfico inicial foi obtido em todos os casos, sendo que um caso necessitou do implante de stent devido à dissecção. Seguimento foi realizado em 9 pacientes, por período médio de 31,6 meses (28-35), com perviedade primária de 77,7% e perviedade secundária de 100%. Todos os pacientes apresentam-se assintomáticos no final do seguimento (Fontaine I). CONCLUSÕES: A crioplastia do território femoro-poplíteo é um método seguro, de baixa morbidade, com resultados a curto e médio prazo comparáveis à angioplastia convencional e com potencial de reduzir as taxas de dissecção e retração durante o procedimento, e redução do grau de reestenose a médio e longo prazo.

Palavras-chave

crioterapia, angioplastia com balão, artéria femoral

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) presents low morbidity and mortality rates; however, mid and long-term patency rates remain controversial. Cryoplasty was developed as an attempt to resolve the main problems related to angioplasty: dissection, recoil and restenosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical results and mid-term patency in patients treated with cryoplasty of femoropopliteal arterial disease. METHODS: Patients with indication for endovascular lower limb revascularization according to Fontaine and Rutherford clinical classifications and to TASC II anatomical classification underwent cryoplasty using the PolarCath® peripheral dilatation balloon catheter. Clinical results and anatomical patency were analyzed by duplex ultrasound scan at follow-up, RESULTS: Ten patients with femoropopliteal arterial disease were treated with cryoplasty. Nine patients presented with intermittent claudication and one patient had an ischemic ulcer. Three patients had class B lesions and seven patients had class A lesions according to the TASC II. Initial technical success was achieved in all patients, and one patient needed stenting during the procedure due to dissection. One patient died due to complications in the postoperative period. Nine patients were followed up for 31.6 months on average (18-35), with primary patency rate of 77.7% and secondary patency rate of 100%. All patients were asymptomatic at the end of this period (Fontaine stage I). CONCLUSIONS: Cryoplasty is a safe technique for the treatment of femoropopliteal arterial disease that presents low morbidity rates, short-term and mid-term results comparable to conventional angioplasty, as well as potential advantages of lower dissection, recoil and mid-term restenosis rates.

Keywords

cryotherapy, angioplasty, balloon, femoral artery

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