Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://jvascbras.org/article/doi/10.1590/1677-5449.202401752
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Therapeutic Challenge

Endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms with custom-made endografts

Tratamento endovascular de aneurismas da aorta toracoabdominal com endopróteses personalizadas

André Rodrigo Miquelin; Daniel Gustavo Miquelin; Fernando Reis Neto; Luiz Fernando Reis; José Maria Pereira de Godoy

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Abstract

Endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) is a less invasive alternative, with reduced mortality and morbidity compared to open repair. However, reports on the results of this procedure in Brazil are scarce. This article reports the first institutional experience with endovascular treatment of TAAAs using branched and fenestrated endografts. Four patients with TAAA were included in this report. The devices used were custom-made by Braile, tailored to each patient’s anatomy based on computed tomography (CT) imaging. A total of 10 visceral branches were required to maintain the patency of the visceral arteries. CT follow-up was performed 2 months after the procedure. All implants were successfully completed. The fenestration/branch interfaces were secured with covered, balloon-expandable, and self-expanding peripheral stents in 8 of the 10 target branches. The remaining 2 branches were preserved with openings and free flow. Post-procedural angiography demonstrated correct positioning of the endografts and stents in the visceral arteries, with patency maintained in 9 of the 10 target branches. Among the complications, one selective catheterization of the celiac trunk was not possible at the first attempt. However, there was no mesenteric ischemia, and a peripheral stent was successfully implanted in the celiac trunk in a second procedure. All patients had a complication-free recovery. Follow-up CT demonstrated complete aneurysm exclusion with no leaks and visceral perfusion was maintained in 7 of the 8 target branches. It was concluded that endovascular treatment of TAAA with custom-made endografts is feasible and may become a treatment of choice for patients with challenging anatomical lesions.

Keywords

endovascular treatment; thoracoabdominal aneurysm; branched endografts; fenestrated endografts; visceral branches

Resumo

O tratamento endovascular de aneurismas da aorta toracoabdominal (AATAs) é uma alternativa menos invasiva, com menor mortalidade e morbidade em comparação ao reparo aberto. No entanto, são escassos os relatos sobre os resultados desse procedimento no Brasil. Este artigo relata a primeira experiência institucional com o tratamento endovascular de AATAs utilizando endopróteses ramificadas e fenestradas. Quatro pacientes com AATA foram incluídos neste relato. As endopróteses foram confeccionadas sob medida pela Braile, de acordo com as características anatômicas de cada paciente, avaliadas por tomografia computadorizada (TC). Foram necessários 10 ramos viscerais para manter a perviedade das artérias viscerais. O acompanhamento por TC foi realizado 2 meses após o procedimento. Todos os implantes foram bem-sucedidos. As interfaces de fenestração/ramo foram fixadas com stents periféricos cobertos, expansíveis por balão e autoexpansíveis em oito dos 10 ramos-alvo; os dois restantes foram preservados com aberturas e free flow. A angiografia pós-procedimento demonstrou o posicionamento correto das endopróteses e dos stents nas artérias viscerais, com permeabilidade mantida, em nove dos 10 ramos-alvo. Entre as complicações, um cateterismo seletivo do tronco celíaco não foi possível na primeira tentativa. Contudo, não houve isquemia mesentérica e, no segundo procedimento, um stent periférico foi implantado com sucesso no tronco celíaco. Os pacientes se recuperaram sem complicações. A TC de acompanhamento demonstrou exclusão completa do aneurisma, sem vazamentos, e perfusão visceral mantida em sete dos oito ramos-alvo. Concluiu-se que o tratamento endovascular de AATA com endopróteses personalizadas é viável e pode ser uma alternativa para pacientes com lesões anatômicas desafiadoras.

Palavras-chave

tratamento endovascular; aneurisma toracoabdominal; endopróteses ramificadas; endopróteses fenestradas; ramos viscerais.

References

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Submitted date:
12/11/2024

Accepted date:
07/20/2025

Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV)"> Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV)">
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